Bueller,
You are describing their gun tag lottery system. On that one, you typically still have 2-4 days after the extras go on sale over the counter (as per what several sporting goods managers have told me). So, you can still hit it if you miss the lottery deadline..They even have a 3rd lottery before that called The Random Daily Drawing. Just be careful that you don't apply for both the 2nd and the Random, as they'll sell you both and at best, assuming you put down two different counties, you're paying the extra $300 something just to be able to hunt two different counties, but still only kill 1 buck.
for bow lics, I know many who have shown up mid Nov and are still able to buy over the counter (only 1 lottery drawing for bow). They do occasionally, eventually sell out, but I've never seen it before sometime in Nov.