Here in the north, deer food preference changes are influenced by the weather and season. This also causes the deer's digestive system and enzymes to change to be able to digest woody browse in the cold months. Summer to mid Fall there are lots of green leafy plants, grasses, weeds, nuts, and grain products. As those disappear, they move on to more fiber and woody type food sources (along with acorns) such as woody browse, remnant grains, and dead plants. I have watched deer walk though a weedy area in December and pick all the dead brown leaves off of goldenrod road stalks.
My experience suggests that if you want fall food sources (in the north), I have had success with ...
- Plant clover as a base. Regrows after browsing, consistent draw, and produces nitrogen.
- WR in the fall for Oct-Dec food. Then spring green up. Fawning cover, OM production, and weed & grass suppression.
- Purple top turnips. Good ole standby, deer eat the leaves and bulbs and is inexpensive.
- Forage turnips & radishes. They can be browsed multiple times and will regrow their leaves. Are generally cold hardy. Radishes like daikon can help break up clay and soil compaction.
The clover & WR will come back early spring for cover and food.
Another good OM & nitrogen producer is sun hemp.
Unless you have 8-10 acres or corn or beans, they could easily be wiped out by late summer depending on your deer density. I did do RR beans this spring as I needed to spray the weeds & grasses that had taken over. My beans were stunted by the competition of weeds/grasses, but are now released.
I like to add a Millet seed to the seed mix above, around 50% of the mix, as it helps for better distribution of the small seeds and avoids over concentrating them. You could also add Sudan sorghum & sun hemp to the mix. Both will add vertical height and produce OM. Sun hemp is an excellent nitrogen scavenger.
Here are my forage turnips & radishes, about 6 acres on the north end of the property and another 6 in the mid property, and clover I broadcasted in late July. I am over seeding with ~80 lbs/acre of WR this weekend.