I can't say for certain. I had a healthy bed of thatch get moved down after I seeded, and it rained for a week straight after i seeded so germination should not have been a problem (it wasn't for the BW). Its possible that the deer ate them as soon as they began to sprout but I never was able to even identify a single sunflower stalk, let alone a flower. I wondered if it was the seeds I used? because i even had a few stray corn kernels fall off the atv when I was moving and they grew too