Most of my norways can make it through the winter in decent shape, but some did/do burn pretty severely. Those are overwhelmingly 1st year trees. By year 2 its much less, and I dont see hardly anything on 3rd year trees as they have toughened up by then. The deer like to browse the hell out of and chew them apart like candy, especially in the first year. Bud capping at a minimum is mandatory where I am located in north central MN. Cages are WAY better. I am almost leaning towards doing both on first year trees from what I saw last week. Small plugs seem to get nuked either by the deer or the winter and are a complete waste of time on my land. I buy the biggest specimens I can get.
Here is a norway planted last May. You can see its burnt pretty good. The bud cap however protected the terminal bud and I think this tree will be just fine. This one is not in a high travel area so its spared from being eaten so far. I expect when I pull the cap off in a few weeks it will be nice and green underneath.
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These are a couple of Cannan firs that were bud capped and I added cages around them early this winter. The bud caps really seem to keep the terminal bud from looking like it got nuked. I just took these off a few days ago and put the cages back on. I hope they really toughen up for this winter.
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