Fabric weed barrier AND stone/gravel of some sort.
I used to do wood mulch until I had voles get under it and chew off all the support roots of a tree of mine. Ever since I switched to gravel I have not had an issue. Weed fabric is pretty cheap. I simply use gravel from a creek on my property.
Wood: what size pvc tube you use and how long? What do you do, stick one by each tree? What bait you use?
Where do the voles die, above or underground? If a fox or raptor ingest the poisend vole are they poisend? thanksUse mulch under every tree and we have 2500 plus trees would not try growing without . KILL THE VOLES
I started all my fruit trees and chestnuts with mulch put down the first two springs to help retain moisture and discourage weed/grass growth, by fall mulch was pretty thin. After first two years I just weed a little in summer, I've been lucky enough to never have had trouble with mice or voles digging.
I have had trouble with deer mice climbing my screens on fruit trees in winter and semi girdling a couple trees and had them bothering shrubs...I'm going to put out a dozen or so of the PCV pipe bait stations late fall this year in my shrub strips.
Where do the voles die, above or underground? If a fox or raptor ingest the poisend vole are they poisend? thanks
I am preparing for a large planting and have dug several test holes checking for frost a couple of weeks ago and so many holes / tunnels underneath.. I need to plan properly so I'm going to research this baiting.Thats why the bait stations vole consumes bait goes to sleep dies , i doubt one poisoned vole would contain enough active ingredient to kill an off target animal 40 to 50 times their size . The animal would have to be fortunate or un fortunate enough to find and consume enough volume to make them sick
I have been doing this for years have never seen dead voles above ground and have never seen off target animals either sick or other wise legal baits are designed to achieve the job and no more its not like years ago with ddt when an animal ate some and it traveled thru the food chain ect.
I doubt you had deer mice sounds like voles they will climb inside the snow above ground level and feed , strangely vole consume very little bark ect until the winter season lots of people think damage is rabbits