Food Plot Plan Help

badams14

Yearling... With promise
I am looking for some input on what to plant and where. Any suggestions are appreciated, I attached a picture, I'll give a description and history of the place as well.

The thick blue line is a small river, not crossable with out a watercraft, runs about 6' deep in most spots. It has quite a bit of "swamp" on either side of the river that is not easily accessible, especially when hunting.
The thing blue line is a small stream that feeds the river, you can walk across it, but the stream corridor is overgrown in most spots with green briar.
The black lines are access trails. Easily walkable and used to approach stands, but not wide enough for equipment.
Red line is the property line.
Yellow line is an 8' fence surrounding that neighboring farm.
Green line is the edge of food plots.
Plots 1 and 3 are around 1 acre each, with plot 3 having black walnut trees through out the plot. Plot 2 is about 6 acres.

Plots 1 and 3 have been planted in clover and over seeded with annuals the past few years while plot 2 has been summer annuals and then winter rye in the fall. One year I did plant oats and turnips in plot 2, the oats were hammered and the turnips were not touched. Soy beans get hammered here, 6 acres is usually not enough to get past the deer. The 6 acre field was historically planted in corn and rye every year until about 5-6 years ago. The soil is poor, sandy and acidic.

I am thinking of dumping some money in to lime and fertilizer and trying to get a good perennial hay crop in field 2 and use 1 and 3 as annuals. Open to any suggestions, we do have access to a lot of equipment. Thanks in advance.
 

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Couple questions...

#1 - where are you generally located?
#2 - when you say "hay crop"...are you talking pure alfalfa stand or some mix of grass like timothy and orchardgrass with some legume mixed in??
#3 - what sort of condition is the rest of the habitat in?
 
Initial Impression: Field #1 looks to be a tremendous pinch point between Field #2 and the neighbors large open field. A possible staging area between bedding on the hillside / stream banks and the large open fields (assuming they have ag crops).

Going to play devils advocate a quick second here - It is not a bad option to utilize Field #2 as a hay field. The ONLY reasons I say this from a hunting perspective is that 1) an open field would force your Field #1 pinch point even better 2) Would force them to utilize / concentrate the smaller fields more for food instead of being spread out among more feeding locations.

The cautionary reasons against #2 as a hay field.. IF you planted 6 acres soybeans and it still gets decimated, it makes me think you either 1) have an overabundance of deer or 2) a real food shortage. Converting a tillable 6 acre field to hay/grass may not be the way to go.. Although, as J-Bird alluded to above, alfalfa could accomplish both goals of food and income.

I'm wondering if you've actually tried planting the 6 acres in beans? You say "usually not enough to get past deer", yet it was planted in corn historically?

Last question that might help - What is planted in the neighbors (yellow) fields? Crops? Hay? etc..
 
1- Central NJ
2- I am open to any hay crop, but I was thinking a large perennial plot that could be cut and bailed may be ideal in that field. Not sure if I could get alfalfa established with the poor soil, a mixture of legumes and timothy may be better.
3- Most of the woods is oak with green briar. There are few patches of pines and some mountain laurel mixed in. The swamps have cherry, holly and oak trees in them. Random Maples, walnuts and cedar's are mixed in.

The picture shown is actually strips of beans planted about 4 years ago, was about 3 acres, those beans got hammered but we did got some pods on them. The population has rebounded substantially since then, we planted a mix of beans, lab lab and sunflowers this year and it was wiped out in a few weeks., the beans were seeded heavily. There was one night where we had over 60 deer in that field at sundown.

Neighbors fields are a mix of sweet corn and other vegetables they sell at their local market. That area is fenced off and pretty secure. I haven't seen a deer in there in years, however the turkeys always seem to fly down inside of that fence during the season!

Thank you both for the help, I could provide a lot of details about bedding areas, wind direction, etc if needed. This piece has been hunted by our family for about 60 years.
 
Sounds like you with the help of your friends and family need to fill every doe tag you can get your hands on. I don’t think anything planted in 1 or 3 is going to last long if you turn #2 into a hayfield
 
So I suggest a multi-prong plan....because you HAVE to address the browse pressure the deer are putting on your place.

So part one...is to reduce the number of deer on the property. This means stacking does and staying on top of those numbers. This may mean opening up the property to more hunters or pushing "earn-a-buck" type practices. Fewer deer means less food needed and lower pressure on your plots so hopefully you can grow something other than clover.

Part two is simply planting as much as you can in a food that will handle the browse pressure....this typically is perennial clovers for most folks. It isn't "sexy" but you are going to get frustrated planting more expensive seed and the deer never giving it a chance. I see your two smaller plots being at least clover based for a while...you can overseed the fall annuals into them as well. But trying to grow a summer annual in these smaller plots sounds like a bad idea for you at this point in time, unless you view it simply as a feeding program.

Part three is all about that plot #2.... the direction you take this area is going to have a pivotal impact on the property. This is where you have the greatest chance to provide the tonnage of food you need. If you was to go "all in" for the deer. I think this is a soybean plot (maybe even forage beans), overseeded with fall annuals with a e-fence around it for at least part of the growing season. A "middle of the road" plan here is making this a perennial legume mix. It will handle the browsing better and you can either avoid a e-fence or even treat it like a rotational grazing program. I am not sure how the deer will utilize this area as a hay field...I do think it will simply result in even more pressure on your smaller plots.

You can always shift gears as needed as far as the plantings are concerned....but you need to see the evidence first. Exclusion cages will tell you a lot.

All just my 2 cents worth....
 
Thanks. I’ll probably plant the larger field in a clover mix as you discussed and the smaller ones in clover/winter annual rotation.

I currently have the large field planted in winter rye, maybe I can get a good stand established this spring and then mow it all back in early summer.

Thanks again.


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I don’t think anything planted in 1 or 3 is going to last long if you turn #2 into a hayfield

Bingo. Not with those deer numbers.. Need to recruit some family members to take out some does.

Agree with J bird. I would establish all 3 fields in a clover/brassica/cereal blend and/or strips until your numbers can get back down some. Take a look at the Cereal Grain threads under the Lick Creek section on here for a good place to start.

Good luck!
 
Lick creek?!

He was a regular on the old QDMA forum, great source of knowledge.

Thanks for the help guys, we took 9 does and 1 buck off of that property this year. At least another 5 deer hit on the road and who knows how many others were taken by neighbors. Less than 10 years ago you could go weeks with out seeing a deer on stand, now it’s shocking if you don’t see at least 5/sit.


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One last question....

My 6 acre field was planted in Rye in September, I’m thinking of just frost seeding clover in to it and then mowing it all back in the late spring/early summer. Would I be better off turning it over and plants on fresh soil or frost seeding in to the rye to get a clover plot started?


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One last question....

My 6 acre field was planted in Rye in September, I’m thinking of just frost seeding clover in to it and then mowing it all back in the late spring/early summer. Would I be better off turning it over and plants on fresh soil or frost seeding in to the rye to get a clover plot started?


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My best clover plots were fall planted with cereal grains, the clover starts in the fall goes dormant and then takes off in the spring with the rye or wheat as a nurse crop. I've also spring planted by turning the soil and had a very weedy plot because of the soil disturbance. I'm not sure how the frost seeding would go but I might try frost seeding some of the plot and then doing it all over again next fall with the cereal grains and add clover. Anymore when I plant cereal grains in the fall I'll plant clover with it just because I've had circumstances come up and could plant what I wanted and a clover plot is better than nothing.
 
scott44 - I'm getting ready to frost seed about 3/4 acre in a field with RWW clover / chicory. I do have to disturb some, I will let you know how that turns out weed wise.. My plan is to try and plant fairly heavy to get ahead of the weeds.. We'll see..
 
scott44 - I'm getting ready to frost seed about 3/4 acre in a field with RWW clover / chicory. I do have to disturb some, I will let you know how that turns out weed wise.. My plan is to try and plant fairly heavy to get ahead of the weeds.. We'll see..
I'd throw down some oats with them this spring to help fill the gaps where the weeds will grow.
 
I'd throw down some oats with them this spring to help fill the gaps where the weeds will grow.

Guess I could.. One section of it we get a lot of foxtail each year so that might help suppress it further. Going to keep it mowed so that will help.
 
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